Namestitev s programom DrakX

Izbor in uporaba odtisa diska: ISO

Predstavitev

Mageia is distributed via ISO images. This page will help you to choose which image match your needs.

There is two families of media:

Classical installer: After booting the media, it will follow a process allowing to choose what to install and how to configure your target system. This give you the maximal flexibility for a customized installation, in particular to choose which Desktop Environment you will install.

LIVE media: you can boot the media in a real Mageia system without installing it, to see what you will get after installation. The installation process is simpler, but you get lesser choices.

Details are given in the next sections.

Vir

Definicija

Here, a medium (plural: media) is an ISO image file that allows you to install and/or update Mageia and by extension any physical support the ISO file is copied to.

Najdete jih tukaj.

Mediji za klasično namestitev

Skupne značilnosti

These ISOs use the traditional installer called drakx.

They are able to make a clean install or an update from previous releases.

DVD

Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.

Some tools are available in the Welcome screen: Rescue System, Memory Test, Hardware Detection Tool.

Each DVD contains many available desktop environments and languages.

You'll be given the choice during the installation to add non free software.

Live media

Skupne značilnosti

Can be used to preview the distribution without installing it on a HDD, and optionally install Mageia on to your HDD.

Each ISO contains only one desktop environment (KDE, GNOME or Xfce).

Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.

Live ISOs can only be used to create clean installations, they cannot be used to upgrade from previous releases.

Vsebuje lastniško programsko opremo.

Live DVD Plasma

Plasma desktop environment only.

Prisotni so vsi jeziki.

Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.

Live DVD GNOME

GNOME desktop environment only.

Prisotni so vsi jeziki.

Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.

Live DVD Xfce

Xfce desktop environment only.

Prisotni so vsi jeziki.

Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.

Boot-only CD media

Skupne značilnosti

Each one is a small image that contains no more than that which is needed to start the drakx installer and find drakx-installer-stage2 and other packages that are needed to continue and complete the install. These packages may be on the PC hard disk, on a local drive, on a local network or on the Internet.

These media are very light (less than 100 MB) and are convenient when bandwidth is too low to download a full DVD, a PC without a DVD drive or a PC that can't boot from a USB stick.

Different media for 32 or 64 bit architectures.

samo angleščina.

netinstall.iso

Contains only free software, for those people who refuse to use non-free software.

netinstall-nonfree.iso

Contains non-free software (mostly drivers, codecs...) for people who need it.

Downloading and Checking Media

Prejemanje

Once you have chosen your ISO file, you can download it using either http or BitTorrent. In both cases, a window gives you some information, such as the mirror in use and the possibility to change if the bandwidth is to low. If http is chosen, you may also see something like

md5sum and sha1sum are tools to check the ISO integrity. Use only one of them. Keep one of them for further usage. Then this window appears:

Check the radio button Save File.

Checking the downloaded media integrity

Both checksums are hexadecimal numbers calculated by an algorithm from the file to be downloaded. When you ask these algorithms to recalculate this number from your downloaded file, either you have the same number and your downloaded file is correct, or the number is different and you have a failure. A failure infers that you should retry the download or attempt a repair using BitTorrent.

Open a console, no need to be root, and:

- To use md5sum, type: [sam@localhost]$ md5sum path/to/the/image/file.iso.

- To use sha1sum, type: [sam@localhost]$ sha1sum path/to/the/image/file.iso.

and compare the obtained number on your computer (you may have to wait for a while) with the number given by Mageia. Example:

Burn or dump the ISO

The checked ISO can now be burned to a CD or DVD or dumped to a USB stick. These operations are not a simple copy and aim to make a bootable medium.

Burning the ISO to a CD/DVD

Use whatever burner you wish but ensure the burning device is set correctly to burn an image, burn data or files is not correct. There is more information in the Mageia wiki.

Odlaganje odtisa nosilca za namestitev na ključek USB

All Mageia ISOs are hybrids, which means you can 'dump' them to a USB stick and then use it to boot and install the system.

Pozor

Odlaganje odtisa nosilca za namestitev na ključek USB izbriše vse njegove datotečne sisteme. Navidezna velikost naprave bo omejena na velikost odtisa. Izgubili boste vse podatke na njem.

To recover the original capacity, you must redo partitioning and re-format the USB stick.

Using a graphical tool within Mageia

Uporabite lahko orodje z grafičnim vmesnikom kot je IsoDumper

Using a graphical tool within Windows

Lahko poskusite:

- Rufus z uporabo možnosti "ISO image" "ISO slika" ;

- Win32 Disk Imager

Using Command line within a GNU/Linux system

Pozor

It is potentially *dangerous* to do this by hand. You risk to overwrite a disc partition if you get the device-ID wrong.

You can also use the dd tool in a console:

Odprite konzolo

Become root with the command su - (don't forget the final '-' )

Plug in your USB stick (do not mount it, this also means do not open any application or file manager that could access or read it)

Enter the command fdisk -l

Alternatively, you can get the device name with the command dmesg: at end, you see the device name starting with sd, and sdd in this case:

[72594.604531] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 27 using xhci_hcd
[72594.770528] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=8564, idProduct=1000
[72594.770533] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[72594.770536] usb 1-1: Product: Mass Storage Device
[72594.770537] usb 1-1: Manufacturer: JetFlash
[72594.770539] usb 1-1: SerialNumber: 18MJTWLMPUCC3SSB
[72594.770713] usb 1-1: ep 0x81 - rounding interval to 128 microframes, ep desc says 255 microframes
[72594.770719] usb 1-1: ep 0x2 - rounding interval to 128 microframes, ep desc says 255 microframes
[72594.771122] usb-storage 1-1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[72594.772447] scsi host8: usb-storage 1-1:1.0
[72595.963238] scsi 8:0:0:0: Direct-Access     JetFlash Transcend 2GB    1100 PQ: 0 ANSI: 4
[72595.963626] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] 4194304 512-byte logical blocks: (2.14 GB/2.00 GiB)
[72595.964104] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Write Protect is off
[72595.964108] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Mode Sense: 43 00 00 00
[72595.965025] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] No Caching mode page found
[72595.965031] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Assuming drive cache: write through
[72595.967251]  sdd: sdd1
[72595.969446] sd 8:0:0:0: [sdd] Attached SCSI removable disk

Find the device name for your USB stick (by its size), for example /dev/sdb in the screenshot above, it is a 8GB USB stick.

Enter the command: # dd if=path/to/the/ISO/file of=/dev/sdX bs=1M

Where X=your device name eg: /dev/sdc

Example: # dd if=/home/user/Downloads/Mageia-4-x86_64-DVD.iso of=/dev/sdb bs=1M

Enter the command: # sync

Unplug your USB stick, it is done

DrakX, namestitveni program Mageje

Whether you are new to GNU-Linux or an experienced user, the Mageia Installer is designed to help make your installation or upgrade as easy as possible.

The initial menu screen has various options, however the default one will start the installer, which will normally be all that you will need.

Slika 1. Prikaz dobrodošlice namestitve

Here are the default welcome screens when using a Mageia DVD, The first one with a legacy system and the second one with an UEFI system:

From this first screen, it is possible to set some personal preferences:

The language (for the installation only, may be different that the chosen language for the system) by pressing the key F2 (Legacy mode only)

Use the arrow keys to select the language and press the key Enter.

Here is for example, the French welcome screen when using a Live DVD/CD. Note that the Live DVD/CD menu does not propose: Rescue System, Memory test and Hardware Detection Tool.

Change the screen resolution by pressing the F3 key (Legacy mode only).

Add some kernel options by pressing the F6 key for the legacy mode or the e key for the UEFI mode.

If the installation fails, then it may be necessary to try again using one of the extra options. The menu called by F6 displays a new line called Boot options and propose four entries:

- Default, it doesn't alter anything in the default options.

- Safe Settings, priority is given to the safer options to the detriment of performances.

- Brez ACPI (vmesnik za napredne nastavitve in upravljanje z energijo) upravljanje z energijo ni upoštevano

- No Local APIC (Local Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller), it is about CPU interruptions, select this option if you are asked for.

When you select one of these entries, it modifies the default options displayed in the Boot Options line.

Opomba

In some Mageia releases, it may happen that the entries selected with the key F6 does not appear in the Boot Options line, however, they are really taken into account.

Add more kernel options by pressing the key F1 (Legacy mode only).

Pressing F1 opens a new window with more available options. Select one with the arrow keys and press Enter to have more details or press the Esc key to go back to the welcome screen.

The detailed view about the option splash. Press Esc or select Return to Boot Options to go back to the options list. These options can by added by hand in the Boot options line.

Opomba

The help is translated in the chosen language with the F2 key.

For more information about kernel options on legacy and UEFI systems, see: https://wiki.mageia.org/en/How_to_set_up_kernel_options

Here is the default welcome screen when using a Wired Network-based Installation CD (Boot.iso or Boot-Nonfree.iso images):

It does not allow to change the language, the available options are described in the screen. For more information about using a Wired Network-based Installation CD, see the Mageia Wiki

Pozor

Postavitev tipkovnice je sedaj Ameriška

Namestitveni koraki

The install process is divided into a number of steps, which can be followed on the side panel of the screen.

Each step has one or more screens which may also have Advanced buttons with extra, less commonly required, options.

Most screens have Help buttons which give further explanations about the current step.

Opomba

If somewhere during install you decide to stop the installation, it is possible to reboot, but please think twice before you do this. Once a partition has been formatted or updates have started to be installed, your computer is no longer in the same state and rebooting it could very well leave you with an unusable system. If in spite of this you are very sure rebooting is what you want, go to a text terminal by pressing the three keys Alt Ctrl F2 at the same time. After that, press Alt Ctrl Delete simultaneously to reboot.

Težave z namestitvijo in možne rešitve

Brez grafičnega vmesnika

After the initial screen you did not reach the language selection screen. This can happen with some graphic cards and older systems. Try using low resolution by typing vgalo at the prompt.

If the hardware is very old, a graphical installation may not be possible. In this case it is worth trying a text mode installation. To use this hit ESC at the first welcome screen and confirm with ENTER. You will be presented with a black screen with the word "boot:". Type "text" and hit ENTER. Now continue with the installation in text mode.

Namestitev zamrzne

If the system appeared to freeze during the installation, this may be a problem with hardware detection. In this case the automatic detection of hardware may be bypassed and dealt with later. To try this, type noauto at the prompt. This option may also be combined with other options as necessary.

Težave s spominom RAM

These will rarely be needed, but in some cases the hardware may report the available RAM incorrectly. To specify this manually, you can use the mem=xxxM parameter, where xxx is the correct amount of RAM. e.g. mem=256M would specify 256MB of RAM.

Dinamični razdelki

If you converted your hard disk from "basic" format to "dynamic" format on Microsoft Windows, you must know that it is impossible to install Mageia on this disc. To go back to a basic disk, see the Microsoft documentation: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc776315.aspx.

Izberite jezik namestitve

Select your preferred language, by first expanding the list for your continent. Mageia will use this selection during the installation and for your installed system.

If it is likely that you will require several languages installed on your system, for yourself or other users, then you should use the Multiple languages button to add them now. It will be difficult to add extra language support after installation.

Pozor

Even if you choose more than one language, you must first choose one of them as your preferred language in the first language screen. It will also be marked as chosen in the multiple languages screen .

If your keyboard language is not the same as your preferred language, then it is advisable to install the language of your keyboard as well.

Mageia uses UTF-8 (Unicode) support by default.

This may be disabled in the "multiple languages" screen if you know that it is inappropriate for your language. Disabling UTF-8 applies to all installed languages.

You can change the language of your system after installation in the Mageia Control Center -> System -> Manage localization for your system.

Licenčna pogodba in opombe ob izdaji

Licenčna pogodba

Pred namestitvijo Mageje pozorno preberite licenčne pogoje.

Ti licenčni pogoji se nanašajo na celotno distribucijo Mageia. Pred nadaljevanjem jih je potrebno sprejeti.

Za sprejem preprosto označite Sprejmem in kliknite gumb Naprej.

Zahvaljujemo se za vaš ogled tudi če se odločite, da teh pogojev ne boste sprejeli. S klikom na gumb Izhod se bo vaš računalnik ponovno zagnal.

Opombe ob izdaji

Za to izdajo distribucije Mageia so na voljo pomembne informacije, dosegljive s klikom na gumb Opombe ob izdaji.

Nastavitev naprav SCSI

DrakX usually detects hard disks correctly. With some older SCSI controllers it may be unable to determine the correct drivers to use and subsequently fail to recognise the drive.

If this happens, you will need to manually tell Drakx which SCSI drive(s) you have.

DrakX should then be able to configure the drive(s) correctly.

Namestitev ali nadgradnja

Namesti

Use this option for a fresh Mageia installation.

Nadgradnja

If you have one or more Mageia installations on your system, the installer will allow you to upgrade one of them to the latest release.

Pozor

Only upgrading from a previous Mageia version that was still supported when this installer's version was released, has been thoroughly tested. If you want to upgrade a Mageia version that had already reached its End Of Life when this one was released, then it is better to do a clean install while preserving your /home partition.

Opomba

If during install you decide to stop the installation, it is possible to reboot, but please think twice before you do this. Once a partition has been formatted or updates have started to be installed, your computer isn't in the same state anymore and rebooting it could very well leave you with an unusable system. If in spite of that you are very sure rebooting is what you want, go to a text terminal by pressing the three keys Alt Ctrl F2 at the same time. After that, press Alt Ctrl Delete simultaneously to reboot.

Namig

If you have discovered that you forgot to select an additional language, you can return from the "Install or Upgrade" screen to the language choice screen by pressing Alt Ctrl Home. Do not do this later in the install.

Tipkovnica

DrakX selects an appropriate keyboard for your language. If no suitable keyboard is found it will default to a US keyboard layout.

Make sure that the selection is correct or choose another keyboard layout. If you don't know which layout your keyboard has, look in the specifications that came with your system, or ask the computer vendor. There may even be a label on the keyboard that identifies the layout. You can also look here: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_layout

If your keyboard isn't in the list shown, click on More to get a full list, and select your keyboard there.

Pozor

After choosing a keyboard from the More dialog, you'll return to the first keyboard choice dialog and it will seem as though a keyboard from that screen was chosen. You can safely ignore this anomaly and continue the installation: Your keyboard is the one you chose from the full list.

If you choose a keyboard based on non-Latin characters, you will see an extra dialog screen asking how you would prefer to switch between the Latin and non-Latin keyboard layouts

Razdelitev diska

In this screen you can see the content of your hard drive(s) and see the solutions the DrakX partitioning wizard found for where to install Mageia.

The options available from the list below will vary depending on your particular hard drive(s) layout and content.

Uporabi obstoječe razdelke

If this option is available, then existing Linux compatible partitions have been found and may be used for the installation.

Uporabi razpoložljivi prostor

If you have unused space on your hard drive then this option will use it for your new Mageia installation.

Uporabi razpoložljivi prostor v razdelku za Windows

If you have unused space on an existing Windows partition, the installer may offer to use it.

This can be a useful way of making room for your new Mageia installation, but is a risky operation so you should make sure you have backed up all important files!

Note that this involves shrinking the size of the Windows partition. The partition must be "clean", meaning that Windows must have closed down correctly the last time it was used. It must also have been defragmented, although this is not a guarantee that all files in the partition have been moved out of the area that is about to be used. It is highly recommended to back up your personal files.

With this option, the installer displays the remaining Windows partition in light blue and the future Mageia partition in dark blue with their intended sizes just under. You have the possibility to adapt these sizes by clicking and dragging the gap between both partitions. See the screen-shot below.

Zbriši in uporabi celoten disk.

Ta možnost bo uporabila celoten pogon za Magejo.

Pozor! To bo pobrisalo VSE podatke na izbrani napravi. Pazljivo!

If you intend to use part of the disk for something else, or you already have data on the drive that you are not prepared to lose, then do not use this option.

Po meri

S tem imate popoln nadzor nad namestitvijo na (enem ali več) vaših diskov.

Velikost razdelkov:

Namestitev bo razdelila razpoložljiv prostor po naslednjih pravilih:

Če je vsega razpoložljivega prostora na voljo manj kot 50 GB, bo ustvarjen samo en razdelek in sicer korenski: /. Brez ločenega domačega razdelka: /home.

Če je vsega razpoložljivega prostora na voljo več kot 50 GB, bodo ustvarjeni trije razdelki

6/19 prostora na voljo bo namenjeno korenskemu: /, a ne več kot 50 GB

1/19 bo rezervirana izmenjalnemu razdelku: swap, a največ 4 GB

ostalih (vsaj 12/19) bo uporabljenih za domači razdelek: /home

To pomeni, da bo namestitev pri 160 GB ali več razpoložljivega prostora ustvarila tri razdelke: 50 GB za korenskega: /, 4 GB za izmenjalnega in preostalo za domačo mapo: /home.

Opomba

If you are using an UEFI system, the ESP (EFI System Partition) will be automatically detected, or created if it does not exist yet, and mounted on /boot/EFI. The "Custom" option is the only one that allows to check it has been correctly done

Opomba

If you are using a Legacy (as known as CSM or BIOS) system with a GPT disk, you need to create a Bios boot partition if not already existing. It is an about 1 MiB partition with no mount point. Choose the "Custom disk partitioning" option to be able to create it with the Installer like any other partition, just select BIOS boot partition as filesystem type.

Pozor

Some newer drives are now using 4096 byte logical sectors, instead of the previous standard of 512 byte logical sectors. Due to lack of available hardware, the partitioning tool used in the installer has not been tested with such a drive. Also some ssd drives now use an erase block size over 1 MB. We suggest to pre-partition the drive, using an alternative partitioning tool like gparted, if you own such a device, and to use the following settings:

»Poravnaj z ang.: Align to« »MiB«

"Free space preceding (MiB)" "2"

Also make sure all partitions are created with an even number of megabytes.

Izberite priklopne točke

Here you see the Linux partitions that have been found on your computer. If you don't agree with the DrakX suggestions, you can change the mount points.

Opomba

If you change anything, make sure you still have a / (root) partition.

Every partition is shown as follows: "Device" ("Capacity", "Mount point", "Type").

"Device", is made up of: "hard drive", ["hard drive number"(letter)], "partition number" (for example, "sda5").

If you have many partitions, you can choose many different mount points from the drop down menu, such as /, /home and /var. You can even make your own mount points, for instance /video for a partition where you want to store your films, or /cauldron-home for the /home partition of a cauldron install.

For partitions you don't need to have access to, you can leave the mount point field blank.

Pozor

Choose Previous if you are not sure what to choose, and then tick Custom disk partitioning. In the screen that follows, you can click on a partition to see its type and size.

If you are sure the mount points are correct, click on Next, and choose whether you only want to format the partition(s) DrakX suggests, or more.

Confirm hard disk to be formatted

Click on Previous if you are not sure about your choice.

Click on Next if you are sure and want to erase every partition, every operating system and all data on that hard disk.

Razdeljevanje diska po meri s programom DiskDrake

Pozor

If you wish to use encryption on your / partition you must ensure that you have a separate /boot partition. The encryption option for the /boot partition must NOT be set, otherwise your system will be unbootable.

Adjust the layout of your disk(s) here. You can remove or create partitions, change the filesystem of a partition or change its size and even view what is in them before you start.

There is a tab for every detected hard disk or other storage device, like an USB key. For example sda, sdb and sdc if there are three of them.

Push Clear all to wipe all partitions on the selected storage device

For all other actions: click on the desired partition first. Then view it, or choose a filesystem and a mount point, resize it or wipe it.

Continue until you adjusted everything to your wishes.

Klikni Končano ko bo v redu.

Opomba

If you are installing Mageia on an UEFI system, check that an ESP (EFI System Partition) is present and correctly mounted on /boot/EFI (see below)

Opomba

If you are installing Mageia on a Legacy/GPT system, check that a BIOS boot partition is present with a correct type

Formatiranje

Here you can choose which partition(s) you wish to format. Any data on partitions not marked for formatting will be saved.

Usually at least the partitions DrakX selected, need to be formatted

Click on Advanced to choose partitions you want to check for so called bad blocks

Namig

If you're not sure you have made the right choice, you can click on Previous, again on Previous and then on Custom to get back to the main screen. In that screen you can choose to view what is in your partitions.

When you are confident about the selection, click on Next to continue.

Izbira virov (nastavitev dodatnih virov namestitve)

Ta zaslon ponuja seznam že prepoznanih odlagališč paketov. Lahko dodate še kak drug vir, recimo DVD ali kak oddaljen vir. Ta izbor bo določil kateri paketi bodo na voljo v naslednjih korakih.

Za omrežni vir je potrebno slediti dvema korakoma:

Izbor in po potrebi aktiviranje omrežja.

Izbor zrcala ali določanje URL-ja (čisto prvi vnos). Z izborom zrcala pridobite dostop do vseh skladišč, ki jih upravlja skupnost Mageia, Npr. z lastniško programsko opremo (Nonfree) ali Patentno zaščiteni (Tainted) in seveda posodobitve. Z določanjem URL-ja lahko določite specifično skladišče ali vašo lastno namestitev NFS.

Opomba

Za posodobitev 64-bitne namestitve, ki lahko vsebuje nekaj 32-bitnih paketov je priporočljivo tukaj dodati aktivno zrcalo z označenjem enega od omrežnih protokolov. To je potrebno, ker 64-bitna slika odtisa diska ne vsebuje 32-bitnih paketov, zato jih brez aktivnega zrcala namestitev ne more posodobiti.

Izbira virov z lastniško programsko opremo (Nonfree)

Here you have the list of available repositories. Not all repositories are available, according to which media you use for installing. The repositories selection determines which packages will be available for selection during the next steps.

The Core repository cannot be disabled as it contains the base of the distribution.

The Nonfree repository includes packages that are free-of-charge, i.e. Mageia may redistribute them, but they contain closed-source software (hence the name - Nonfree). For example this repository includes nVidia and ATI graphics card proprietary drivers, firmware for various WiFi cards, etc.

The Tainted repository includes packages released under a free license. The main criteria for placing packages in this repository is that they may infringe patents and copyright laws in some countries, e.g. Multimedia codecs needed to play various audio/video files; packages needed to play commercial video DVD, etc.

Izbira namizja

Depending on your selection here, you may be offered further screens to fine tune your choice.

After the selection step(s), you will see a slide show during package installation. The slide show can be disabled by pressing the Details button

Choose whether you prefer to use the KDE or Gnome desktop environment. Both come with a full set of useful applications and tools. Tick Custom if you want to use neither or both, or if you want something other than the default software choices for these desktop environments. The LXDE desktop is lighter than the previous two, sporting less eye candy and fewer packages installed by default.

Izbira skupin paketov

Packages have been sorted into groups, to make choosing what you need on your system a lot easier. The groups are fairly self explanatory, however more information about the content of each is available in tool-tips which become visible as the mouse is hovered over them.

Delovna postaja.

Strežnik.

Grafično okolje.

Individual Package Selection: You can use this option to manually add or remove packages.

Read “Minimalna namestitev” for instructions on how to do a minimal install (without or with X & IceWM).

Minimalna namestitev

You can choose a Minimal Installation by de-selecting everything in the Package Group Selection screen, see “Izbira skupin paketov”.

If desired, you can additionally tick the "Individual package selection" option in the same screen.

Minimal Installation is intended for those with specific uses in mind for their Mageia, such as a server or a specialised workstation. You will probably use this option combined with the "Individual package selection" option mentioned above, to fine-tune your installation, see “Izbira posamičnih paketov”.

If you choose this installation class, then the related screen will offer you a few useful extras to install, such as documentation and X.

If selected, "With X" will also include IceWM as lightweight desktop environment.

The basic documentation is provided in the form of man and info pages. It contains the man pages from the Linux Documentation Project and the GNU coreutils info pages.

Izbira posamičnih paketov

Here you can add or remove any extra packages to customise your installation.

After having made your choice, you can click on the floppy icon at the bottom of the page to save your choice of packages (saving to a USB key works, too). You can then use this file to install the same packages on another system, by pressing the same button during install and choosing to load it.

Upravljanje z naprednimi in navadnimi uporabniki

Nastavite geslo skrbnika (uporabnika root):

V vseh namestitvah Mageje je priporočljivo nastaviti geslo skrbnika, v Linux-u znan kot geslo root uporabnika. Med tipkanjem gesla v polje se bo barva ščita spremenila glede na moč gesla od rdeče do rumene in pri močnem geslu zelene. Zaradi preverjanja pravilnosti vnosa morate geslo ponoviti v polju niže.

Opomba

Vsa gesla so občutljiva na velikost črk. Najbolje je v njem uporabiti mešanico velikih ter malih črk, številk in posebnih znakov.

Dodajte uporabnika

Tukaj dodajte uporabnika. Imel bo manj pravic kot skrbnik (root), a dovolj za uporabo spleta, pisarniških programov, igranje iger in vse ostalo kar običajni uporabnik počne z računalnikom.

Ikona: s klikom na ta gumb je možno spremeniti ikono oz. sliko uporabnika.

Pravo ime: tukaj vnesite pravo ime uporabnika.

Prijavno ime: Tukaj vnesete prijavno ime uporabnika ali pustite programu drakx uporabiti verzijo pravega imena uporabnika. Prijavno ime razlikuje med velikostjo črk.

Geslo: Tukaj vnesite uporabniško geslo. Med tipkanjem gesla v polje se bo barva ščita desno spremenila glede na moč gesla od rdeče do rumene in pri močnem geslu zelene. (Glejte tudi Opomba)

Geslo (ponovno): Program drakx preverja pravilnost vnosa, zato morate vnos gesla ponoviti.

Opomba

Vsak uporabnik, dodan med namestitvijo Mageje, bo imel domačo mapo zaščiteno tako pred branjem kot tudi pisanjem (umask=0027)

Več uporabnikov je med namestitvijo možno dodati v koraku Nastavitve - povzetek. Izberite Upravljanje uporabnikov.

Dovoljenje dostopa lahko spremenite tudi po namestitvi

Napredno upravljanje z uporabniki

S klikom na gumb Napredno lahko urejate nastavitev za tega dodanega uporabnika.

Dodatno lahko onemogočite ali omogočite prijavo gosta.

Pozor

Anything a guest with a default rbash guest account saves to his /home directory will be erased when he logs out. The guest should save his important files to a USB key.

Enable guest account: Here you can enable or disable a guest account. The guest account allows a guest to log into and use the PC, but he has more restricted access than normal users.

Shell: This drop down list allows you to change the shell used by the user you are adding in the previous screen, options are Bash, Dash and Sh

User ID: Here you can set the user ID for the user you are adding in the previous screen. This is a number. Leave it blank unless you know what you are doing.

Group ID: This lets you set the group ID. Also a number, usually the same one as for the user. Leave it blank unless you know what you are doing.

Nastavitev grafične kartice in monitorja

No matter which graphical environment (also known as desktop environment) you chose for this install of Mageia, they are all based on a graphical user interface system called X Window System, or simply X. So in order for KDE, Gnome, LXDE or any other graphical environment to work well, the following X settings need to be correct. Choose the correct settings if you can see that DrakX didn't make a choice, or if you think the choice is incorrect.

Graphic card: Choose your card from the list if needed.

Monitor: You can choose Plug'n Play when applicable, or choose your monitor from the Vendor or Generic list. Choose Custom if you prefer to manually set the horizontal and vertical refresh rates of your monitor.

Pozor

Napačna frekvenca osveževanja lahko poškoduje vaš monitor

Resolution: Set the desired resolution and color depth of your monitor here.

Test: The test button does not always appear during install. If the button is there, you can control your settings by pressing it. If you see a question asking you whether your settings are correct, you can answer "yes", and the settings will be kept. If you don't see anything, you'll return to the configuration screen and be able to reconfigure everything until the test is good. Make sure your settings are on the safe side if the test button isn't available

Options: Here you can choose to enable or disable various options.

Choose an X Server (Configure your Graphic Card)

DrakX has a very comprehensive database of video cards and will usually correctly identify your video device.

If the installer has not correctly detected your graphic card and you know which one you have, you can select it from the tree by:

Proizvajalec

ime vaše kartice

in tip kartice

If you cannot find your card in the vendor lists (because it's not yet in the database or it's an older card) you may find a suitable driver in the Xorg category

The Xorg listing provides more than 40 generic and open source video card drivers. If you still can't find a named driver for your card there is the option of using the vesa driver which provides basic capabilities.

Be aware that if you select an incompatible driver you may only have access to the Commandline Interface.

Some video card manufacturers provide proprietary drivers for Linux which may only be available in the Nonfree repository and in some cases only from the card manufacturers' websites.

The Nonfree repository needs to be explicitly enabled to access them. If you didn't select it previously, you should do this after your first reboot.

Izberite vaš zaslon

DrakX has a very comprehensive database of monitors and will usually correctly identify yours.

Pozor

Selecting a monitor with different characteristics could damage your monitor or video hardware. Please don't try something without knowing what you are doing. If in doubt you should consult your monitor documentation

Po meri

This option allows you to set two critical parameters, the vertical refresh rate and the horizontal sync rate. Vertical refresh determines how often the screen is refreshed and horizontal sync is the rate at which scan lines are displayed.

It is VERY IMPORTANT that you do not specify a monitor type with a sync range that is beyond the capabilities of your monitor: you may damage your monitor. If in doubt, choose a conservative setting and consult your monitor documentation.

Plug 'n Play

This is the default option and tries to determine the monitor type from the monitor database.

prodajalec

If the installer has not correctly detected your monitor and you know which one you have, you can select it from the tree by selecting:

Proizvajalec

ime proizvajalca zaslona

opis zaslona

Običajen

selecting this group displays nearly 30 display configurations such as 1024x768 @ 60Hz and includes Flat panel displays as used in laptops. This is often a good monitor selection group if you need to use the Vesa card driver when your video hardware cannot be determined automatically. Once again it may be wise to be conservative in your selections.

Glavne možnosti zagonskega nalagalnika

Bootloader interface

By default, Mageia uses exclusively:

Grub2 (with or without graphical menu) for a Legacy/MBR or Legacy/GPT system

Grub2-efi for a UEFI system.

Namig

The Mageia graphical menus are nice :

Grub2 on Legacy/MBR and Legacy/GPT systems

Don't modify the "Boot Device" unless you really know what you are doing.

Grub2-efi on UEFI systems

With an UEFI system, the user interface is slightly different as you cannot choose between with or without graphical menu

If Mageia is the only system installed on your computer, the installer created an ESP (EFI System Partition) to receive the bootloader (Grub2-efi). If there are already UEFI operating systems installed on your computer (Windows 8 for example), the Mageia installer detects the existing ESP created by Windows and adds grub2-efi. Although it is possible to have several ESPs, only one is advised and enough whatever the number of operating systems you have.

Don't modify the "Boot Device" unless you really know what you are doing.

Using a Mageia bootloader

By default, according to your system, Mageia writes a new:

GRUB2 bootloader either into the MBR (Master Boot Record) of your first hard drive or in the BIOS boot partition.

Grub2-efi bootloader into the ESP

If you already have other operating systems installed, Mageia attempts to add them to your new Mageia boot menu. If you don't want this behaviour, click on Next and then uncheck the box Probe Foreign OS

Using an existing bootloader

The exact procedure for adding your Mageia system to an existing bootloader is beyond the scope of this help, however in most cases it will involve running the relevant bootloader installation program which should detect and add it automatically. See the documentation for the operating system in question.

Using chain loading

If you don't want a bootable Mageia, but to chain load it from another OS, click on Next, then on Advanced and Check the box Do not touch ESP or MBR.

You will get a warning that the bootloader is missing, ignore it by clicking OK.

Možnosti

First page

Delay before booting the default image: This text box lets you set a delay in seconds before the default operating system is started up.

Security: This allows you to set a password for the bootloader. This means other people can not enter single user mode or change settings at the boot time.

Password: This text box is where you actually put the password

Password (again): Retype the password and Drakx will check that it matches with the one set above.

Advanced

Enable ACPI: ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) is a standard for the power management. It can save energy by stopping unused devices, this was the method used before APM. Unchecking it could be useful if, for example, your computer does not support ACPI or if you think the ACPI implementation might cause some problems (for instance random reboots or system lockups).

Enable SMP: This option enables / disables symmetric multiprocessing for multi core processors.

Enable APIC: Enabling or disabling this gives the operating system access to the Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller. APIC devices permit more complex priority models, and Advanced IRQ (Interrupt Request) management.

Enable Local APIC: Here you can set local APIC, which manages all external interrupts for a specific processor in an SMP system.

Next page

Default: Operating system started up by default

Append: This option lets you pass the kernel information or tell the kernel to give you more information as it boots.

Probe foreign OS: see above Using a Mageia bootloader

Advanced

Video mode: This sets the screen size and colour depth the boot menu will use. If you click the down triangle you will be offered other size and colour depth options.

Do not touch ESP or MBR: see above Using the chain loading

Add or Modify a Boot Menu Entry

To do that you need to manually edit /boot/grub2/custom.cfg or use the software grub-customizer instead (Available in the Mageia repositories).

Opomba

For more information, see our wiki: https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Grub2-efi_and_Mageia

Povzetek raznih nastavitev

DrakX made smart choices for the configuration of your system depending on the choices you made and on the hardware DrakX detected. You can check the settings here and change them if you want after pressing Configure.

Opomba

As a general rule, default settings are recommended and you can keep them with 3 exceptions:

there are known issues with a default setting

the default setting has already been tried and it fails

something else is said in the detailed sections below

Sistemske nastavitve

Časovni pas

DrakX selected a time zone for you, depending on your preferred language. You can change it if needed. See also “Nastavite vaš časovni pas”

Država

If you are not in the selected country, it is very important that you correct the setting. See “Izbor države/regije”

Zagonski nalagalnik

DrakX has made good choices for the bootloader setting.

Do not change anything, unless you know how to configure Grub2

Za več informacij poglejte “Glavne možnosti zagonskega nalagalnika”

Upravljanje z uporabniki

You can add extra users here. They will each get their own /home directories.

Storitve:

System services refer to those small programs which run the background (daemons). This tool allows you to enable or disable certain tasks.

You should check carefully before changing anything here - a mistake may prevent your computer from operating correctly.

Za več informacij poglejte “Nastavite vaše storitve”

Strojne nastavitve

Tipkovnica:

This is where you setup or change your keyboard layout which will depend on your location, language or type of keyboard.

Opomba

If you notice a wrong keyboard layout and want to change it, keep in mind that your passwords are going to change too.

Miška:

Here you can add or configure other pointing devices, tablets, trackballs etc.

Zvočna kartica:

The installer uses the default driver, if there is a default one. The option to select a different driver is only given when there is more than one driver for your card, but none of them is the default one.

Grafični vmesnik:

V tem delu lahko nastavljate (eno ali več) grafičnih kartic in zaslonov.

Za več informacij poglejte “Nastavitev grafične kartice in monitorja”.

Nastavitve omrežja in interneta

Omrežje:

You can configure your network here, but for network cards with non-free drivers it is better to do that after reboot, in the Mageia Control Center, if you have not yet enabled the Nonfree media repositories.

Pozor

When you add a network card, do not forget to set your firewall to watch that interface as well.

Posredniški strežniki:

A Proxy Server acts as an intermediary between your computer and the wider internet. This section allows you to configure your computer to utilize a proxy service.

You may need to consult your systems administrator to get the parameters you need to enter here

Varnost

Stopnja varnosti:

Here you set the Security level for your computer, in most cases the default setting (Standard) is adequate for general use.

Check the option which best suits your usage.

Požarni zid:

A firewall is intended to be a barrier between your important data and the rascals out there on the internet who would compromise or steal it.

Select the services that you wish to have access to your system. Your selections will depend on what you use your computer for. For more information, see ???.

Pozor

Bear in mind that allowing everything (no firewall) may be very risky.

Nastavite vaš časovni pas

Choose your time zone by choosing your country or a city close to you in the same time zone.

In next screen you can choose to set your hardware clock to local time or to GMT, also known as UTC.

Opomba

If you have more than one operating system on your computer, make sure they are all set to local time, or all to UTC/GMT.

Izbor države/regije

Select your country or region. This is important for all kinds of settings, like the currency and wireless regulatory domain. Setting the wrong country can lead to not being able to use a Wireless network.

If your country isn't in the list, click the Other Countries button and choose your country / region there.

Opomba

If your country is only in the Other Countries list, after clicking OK it may seem a country from the first list was chosen. Please ignore this, DrakX will follow your real choice.

Način vnosa

In the Other Countries screen you can also select an input method (at the bottom of the list). Input methods allow users to input multilingual characters (Chinese, Japanese, Korean, etc). IBus is the default input method, so users should not need to configure it manually. Other input methods(SCIM, GCIN, HIME, etc) also provide similar functions and can be installed if you added HTTP/FTP media before package selection.

Opomba

If you missed the input method setup during installation, you can access it after you boot your installed system via "Configure your Computer" -> "System", or by running localedrake as root.

Nastavite vaše storitve

Tukaj lahko izberete, katere storitve naj se (ali ne) samodejno zaženejo ob zagonu računalnika

There are four groups, click on the triangle before a group to expand it and see all services in it.

Izbor, ki ga naredi DrakX, je običajno primeren.

If you highlight a service, some information about it is shown in the info box below.

Only change things when you know very well what you are doing.

Select mouse

If you are not happy with how your mouse responds, you can select a different one here.

Usually, Universal - Any PS/2 and USB mice is a good choice.

Select Universal - Force evdev to configure the buttons that do not work on a mouse with six or more buttons.

Nastavitve zvoka

In this screen the name of the driver that the installer chose for your sound card is given, which will be the default driver if we have a default one.

The default driver should work without problems. However, if after install you do encounter problems, then run draksound or start this tool via MCC (Mageia Control Center), by choosing the Hardware tab and clicking on Sound Configuration at the top right of the screen.

Then, in the draksound or "Sound Configuration" tool screen, click on Advanced and then on Troubleshooting to find very useful advice about how to solve the problem.

Napredno

Clicking Advanced in this screen, during install, is useful if there is no default driver and there are several drivers available, but you think the installer selected the wrong one.

In that case you can select a different driver after clicking on Let me pick any driver.

Stopnja varnosti

Tukaj lahko prilagodite vašo varnostno stopnjo.

Leave the default settings as they are, if you don't know what to choose.

After install, it will always be possible to adjust your security settings in the Security part of the Mageia Control Center.

Posodobitve

Since this version of Mageia was released, some packages will have been updated or improved.

Choose yes if you wish to download and install them, select no if you don't want to do this now, or if you aren't connected to the Internet

Kliknite Naprej za nadaljevanje

Čestitke

You have finished installing and configuring Mageia and it is now safe to remove the installation medium and reboot your computer.

After reboot, in the bootloader screen, you can choose between the operating systems on your computer (if you have more than one).

If you didn't adjust the settings for the bootloader, your Mageia install will be automatically selected and started.

Uživajte

Visit www.mageia.org if you have any questions or want to contribute to Mageia

Odstrani Magejo

Howto

If Mageia didn't convince you or you can't install it correctly, in short you want get rid of it. That is your right and Mageia also gives you the possibility to uninstall. This is not true for every operating system.

After your data backup, reboot your installation Mageia DVD and select Rescue system, then, Restore Windows boot loader. At the next boot, you will only have Windows with no option to choose your operating system.

To recover the space used by Mageia partitions on Windows, click on Start -> Control Panel -> Administrative Tools -> Computer Management -> Storage -> Disk Management to access to the partition management. You will recognize the Mageia partition because they are labeled Unknown, and also by their size and place in the disk. Right click on each of these partitions and select Delete. The space will be freed.

If you are using Windows XP, you can create a new partition and format it (FAT32 or NTFS). It will get a partition letter.

If you have Vista or 7, you have one more possibility, you can extend the existing partition that is at the left of the freed space. There are other partitioning tools that can be used, such as gparted, available for both windows and linux. As always, when changing partitions, be very careful, and make sure all important things have been backed up.